Hi Cyrille,
If your site was previously working but has suddenly stopped working, then it can only be one of two things. Either your mail server is blocking access to your account, or your web server is blocking access to the SMTP port on your mail server.
The “could not open socket” means POST SMTP cannot talk to your mail server.
It could also be that your mail server is closing the connection, in which case you should see something in the transcription logs.
Have you run the diagnostic/connectivity test?
Post the diagnostic results here.
From the guide at: https://www.ads-software.com/plugins/post-smtp/#other_notes
COULD NOT OPEN SOCKET
Your host may have installed a firewall between you and the server. Ask them to open the ports.
Your may have tried to (incorrectly) use SSL over port 587. Check your encryption and port settings.