Yes, it’s possible. First of all, you’ll want to create a custom category template for that category.
https://codex.www.ads-software.com/Category_Templates
Then, in the main loop of the category template, you can retrieve the article title and custom fields using code like this:
<?php while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?>
<?php $postmeta = get_post_custom($post->ID); ?>
<?php the_title(); ?>
<?php echo $postmeta["CustomF1"][0]; ?>
<?php echo $postmeta["CustomF2"][0]; ?>
<?php echo $postmeta["CustomF3"][0]; ?>
rest of loop code ...
<?php endwhile; ?>
It’s up to you how to structure the data. You could put it in an HTML table, or maybe use definition lists.
I’ve done something similar on my plugins page. The plugin details (version, requirements, download link) are all stored as custom fields, and I’m pulling them into a custom category template using code very much like the sample I provided above.
https://www.ambrosite.com/plugins