Custom upload paths

There isn’t, but you can just hook into WordPress’s filter for this (which is what Media Cloud does). Make sure you do it at a priority higher than 10000 though. I would do something like this in your functions.php:

// We only want to generate the custom upload dir during an
// actual upload
add_filter('wp_handle_upload_prefilter', function($file){
    add_filter('upload_dir', 'customUploadDir', 10001);
    return $file;
});

// Upload has been handled, so remove our custom filter
add_filter('wp_handle_upload', function($fileinfo){
    remove_filter('upload_dir', 'customUploadDir');
    return $fileinfo;
});

// do whatever you need to do here to customize the path
function customUploadDir($params) {
    $newPath = '/nice/'.date('Y/m/d/G/i/s');
    $params['path'] = str_replace($params['subdir'], $newPath, $params['path']);
    $params['url'] = str_replace($params['subdir'], $newPath, $params['url']);
    $parms['subdir'] = $newPath;
    return $params;
}