“Edit” link doesn’t work as it should

I have set up a custom post type. In the single view I am using a shortcode in order to add a list of the names of all other items of this post type. In the edit mode I have this link underneath called “Edit” (this post or page). But after the list it always links to the last item, not to the original post. How can I alter at the end of the list “the_ID()” to the post_id of the post so that the twenty sixteen function “edit_post_link()” works properly? (I am trying to set this up as plugin and I don’t want to modify the theme.)