How to add pagination to custom category template?

I have a custom category template which displays the current categories child categories instead of posts. I would like to add numbered pagination to the template for categories with a large number of child categories.

Here are the pagination variables and code I’m using to get the child categories:

<?php
        $catpage = get_query_var( 'paged' ) ? get_query_var( 'paged' ) : 1;
            $catnum = 5;
            $offset = ($catnum * $catpage) - 5;

        $cat = get_category( get_query_var( 'cat' ) );
        $cat_id = $cat->cat_ID;
        $child_categories=get_categories(
        array(
        'parent' => $cat_id,
        'orderby' => 'id',
        'order' => 'DESC',
        'hide_empty' => '0',
        'number' => $catnum,
        'offset' => $offset,
        'posts_per_page' => 5,
        'paged' => $catpage
    )
);

This displays 5 child categories. Now how do I actually add the numbered pagination links to the page?