Insert widget in blog template single

Hi. How do I insert a widget in my ‘blog’ template page (twenty seventeen). I want it to be ranged right from the page header. The widget is ‘search and filter’ with only one option selected, ‘category’ as a filter.
The plugin developers shortcode to put in a theme is;

<?php echo do_shortcode( ‘[searchandfilter taxonomies=”category”]’ ); ?>

Which php page should I duplicate and put in my child theme?
Where does the shortcode go in that page?

Note: for future readers, This would apply to any widget shortcode.

Thank you in advance for any insight.