Loader does not stop on checkout page

Hello,

On the checkout page, I am seeing the loader constantly instead of seeing the payment options, currently using only the Paypal standard option.
I have searched the forums and tried some of the solutions already mentioned but none seem to work, hoping you can help.

My website is on an nginx server, woocommerce system status here – https://pastebin.com/rpsik4Tv. I tested on a staging server before moving to live and the checkout page works fine on staging even with all plugins enabled.
Things i have already tried –
– Changing theme to both 2014 and 2016, disabling all plugins except woocommerce. Still seeing loader.
– Adding ?test=1 to the checkout page url shows the payment options correctly.
– The theme had some outdated template pages, which I updated with latest versions.

What should I be looking at next? Do help.

Thanks,
Ajay

https://www.ads-software.com/plugins/woocommerce/