Missing pieces: post headlines and comment button

My WordPress website is built with an off-the-shelf theme from iThemes and is in every way pretty straight-forward, with a static home page. But the blog page does not show the headlines on posts and does not provide a button or bar to allow comments. As a newbe, I’m sure I screwed up somehow. Could a pair of competent eyes take a look and let me know?

I’d be very grateful!

Thanks,
Martin