problem with shortcodes

Just “shortcodes” is pretty broad concept since their functionality could be build in custom theme or plugin and have some queries which requires language detection. First you should figure out where the shortcode comes and then check out if it has support for multilingual use.

Build-In shortcodes in WordPress core doesn’t care what language are you using since they are pretty simple https://codex.www.ads-software.com/Shortcode#Built-In_and_Additional_Shortcodes