Show image as category in blog page

I’ve searched everywhere for a way to do what I’m thinking, I’m really sorry if this was answered already.

So, I want to change the Category text for an image/icon in the blog page.

Let me try my best to explain.

In my site at the moment under the image it shows the categories assign to that post:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/xOqcU.png

But instead of the names (text), I want it to show the image that I’ve assigned to that category:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/yNz0V.png

I’ve downloaded the Taxonomy Images Plugin, but now I don’t know where to put the code to show images instead of names (text)

And I’d love to show like this in the post page too.