Single Blog Posts – Multiple Archives (Twenty Ten theme)

I am using the Twenty Ten theme, and love it. However, I have one bit of functionality that I am having a little difficulty implementing. On my main blog page, I want it to display one post at a time, with the full text. At the same time, on the archives pages, I want to show all blog posts for the month, in summary format. When I change the settings, it affects both of these areas. How can I separate these out and manage the display properties individually?

I have already created and implemented a child theme, so it will be easy for me to create a separate archives.php file, if need be.