Twenty eleven excerpts with thumbnails

Hello everybody,
I have a few questions about my theme, the twenty eleven, that has been modified a little by myself. First of all, I wanted to show the excerpts of my posts in the category pages, so I changed a few lines in the css of the category template, just like i read on this post: https://www.ads-software.com/support/topic/twenty-eleven-display-excerpt-in-tag-category-and-date-archives .

You can see the result if you click on any category of my website (like “news”, “il punto”, etc…). That’s not bad, but what I really want is to show not only the excerpts, but also the date of the article and an image as thumbnail. Is it possible to do that? What can I do?

As you can, see, I didn’t modify the index.php, because I’d like to have something different on the homepage. I’d like to have the last post written, just like it is now, but under that post, there should be the excerpts of the last posts written, with the related thumbnails, just like in the category pages. How can i risolve my issues?

Thanx to all for support

Luca