Ok, it seems to be fixed. In case anyone else runs across this problem, here is what I did:
I did a little further detective work and checked the cgi_error_log in the “stats” folder from my FTP site. In looking at that file, I found the line:
PHP Warning: Cannot modify header information – headers already sent by (output started at /[server info]/wp-config.php:77) in [more server info]
This was repeated over and over again, so obviously the error had to be in the wp-config.php file, which I had already checked for blank spaces.
It didn’t have any blank spaces, but it had this random, long <script> at the end of all the regular php info. Wondering what would happen if I removed it and figuring I could always put it back later if I needed to, I erased the script and re-uploaded the wp-config.php file.
Worked like a charm!