wp_update_attachment_metadata image becomes 1px x 1px with this theme

Hi there,

I tried to use wordpress functions to set a feature image to a post, but the thumbnail becomes 1px x 1px . I switched the theme to Twenty Twenty-Four and the image size is normal. Some online topic saying that it might be to do with the theme’s function has override the wordpress function, wondering if it is the case? Please advise, thank you!! The wordpress functions are:

wp_generate_attachment_metadata
wp_update_attachment_metadata
set_post_thumbnail