I just had something happen to me that was somewhat similar. I wanted to move my blog from one domain to another, on the same server. I copied what I thought was all of the files from the original location to the second, just doing a copy/paste from the main level, and then changed the url and blog address settings in the admin section. I found I couldn’t see anything at the new address, my blog was gone from the old one, and I was getting an error message when I tried to get into the admin page.
After a few minutes of panic, I started digging deeper into the files at the new location, and realized the copy had only gone a couple of directories down. There were lots of files missing in deeper directories. So after copying the missing files over, I got back both my site at the new address and I could get into my admin page again.
Hope this helps.
Chris