It looks like WP-HOME and WP-SITEURL were never set to begin with. I was confused because I had searched for these in wp-config.php but didn’t realize I had to them.
Thanks for the help, Frank! I was frustrated past the point of rational thinking and you got me back on the right track.
This is the code to add to wp-config.php should anyone have a similar issue in the future:
define(‘WP_HOME’,’https://example.com’);
define(‘WP_SITEURL’,’https://example.com’);