@danielbachhuber
I determine that the issue was related to cageFS.
Solution
If the server environment is using CloudLinux with cageFS enabled, cageFS definitions must be updated to allow the wp
command to be accessible to non-root users
I found these instructions here to do this: https://redy.host/knowledgebase/how-install-wp-cli-cpanel-cagefs
Thanks a bunch for your assistance. I hope this information helps someone else!