Thanks Randy for your answer, but unfortunately, after switching-off all active-plug-ins and after switching theme to Twenty Fifteen, I was still unable in switching-off the WYSIWYG editor.
As mentioned, in the db in table wp_<..>_metadata the meta-key for rich-editing (which I presume is controlling this) is correctly set to false. With unfortunately no effect.
Hopefully you won’t advise to re-install WP next …