I managed to figure out most of the issues here——apparently, a plugin called Jetpack is required, and that’s where I had to delve into the settings to enable the portfolio option. I didn’t see that mentioned anywhere in these instructions, but once I discovered Jetpack was the missing link, the rest of the instructions made sense and I was able to get the portfolio up and running.
I was also able to purge the junk installed by the alternate theme that I tried and found my son’s content again.
I could still use some help with the menu and sidebar, though. Thanks.