Here’s what worked for me:
Before: Permalink settings for category base was removed by entering a “.” character, so URLs looked like
https://mydomain.com/./category-name/
which is displayed as https://mydomain.com/category-name/
When resetting that to the default setting https://mydomain.com/category/category-name/ it worked.
But I would appreciate finding a way to build permalinks without that /category/ slug.