A trio of questions:
1. Is your multisite set up as subdirectories or subdomains?
2. If it’s using subdirectories, are you using any domain mapping?
3. If you’re using subdomains or domain mapping, is it a wildcard SSL certificate?
A single SSL certificate will work for multisite only if you’re using subdirectories without domain mapping. If we can rule that out as the source of your problem, can you describe what happens with the two plugins you’ve tried? It may help us pinpoint where the error is.