thundorstorm

try

$context = new WPSEO_Schema_Context(); 
$data['@id'] = $context->canonical . WPSEO_Schema_IDs::PRIMARY_IMAGE_HASH;

it may work

(I am not the plugin maintainer, just a simple dev from the internets ?? )
External images need to be resized and saved locally to match the minimum width/length required.
Unfortunately I couldn’t find the filter you specified inside the free version, maybe you’re using the premium, an older or a customized version.
It would be easier to try to fix your problem via ftp (i require access just to the wordpress-seo plugin and one article page to test on). I am unavailable now.

• This reply was modified 5 years, 4 months ago by thundorstorm.

… i updated the plugin

(I will not update the plugin)
Fix for the issue: custom taxonomies filled with categories:

wp-content/plugins/taxonomy-admin-filter/taxonomy-admin-filter.php LINE 451
REPLACE :
add_meta_box( 'taxonomy_admin_filter_' . $slug . '_post_meta', $tax_obj->label, 'post_categories_meta_box', $taxonomy_admin_filter_post_type, 'side', 'high' );
WITH:
add_meta_box( 'taxonomy_admin_filter_' . $slug . '_post_meta', $tax_obj->label, 'post_categories_meta_box', $taxonomy_admin_filter_post_type, 'side', 'high', array('taxonomy' => $slug));

Hello, I created an account specifically to answer your request. I will no longer maintain this plugin on this site because of personal reasons that have nothing to do with its users. I will assist you via Skype/TeamViewer/ultraview or whatever you suggest after 18:00 Bucharest time. Contact me at [email protected] so I can assist you further